Spark plug.
Spark plug, commonly known as the fire nozzle, its role is to release the pulse high voltage electricity sent by the high voltage wire (fire nozzle line), break down the air between the two electrodes of the spark plug, and generate electric sparks to ignite the mixed gas in the cylinder. The main types are: quasi type spark plug, edge body protruding spark plug, electrode type spark plug, seat type spark plug, pole type spark plug, surface jump type spark plug and so on.
The spark plug is installed on the side or top of the engine. The early spark plug is connected with the distributor by the cylinder line. In the past ten years, the engine on the car has basically changed the ignition coil and the spark plug are directly connected. The working voltage of the spark plug is at least 10000V, and the high voltage is generated by 12V electricity by the ignition coil, and then transmitted to the spark plug.
Under the action of high voltage, the air between the center electrode and the side electrode of the spark plug will rapidly ionize, forming positively charged ions and negatively charged free electrons. When the voltage between the electrodes reaches a certain value, the number of ions and electrons in the gas increases like an avalanche, so that the air loses its insulation, and the gap forms a discharge channel, resulting in a "breakdown" phenomenon. At this time, the gas forms a luminous body, that is, "spark". With its thermal expansion, there is also a "patting" sound. The temperature of this spark can be as high as 2000 ~ 3000℃, which is enough to ignite the mixture in the cylinder combustion chamber.
How to determine the spark plug to change
To determine whether the spark plug needs to be replaced, the appearance, performance and replacement cycle of the spark plug can be considered from three aspects:
Spark plug appearance criteria
Color Watch :
Normal color : the skirt of the spark plug insulator should be brown or off-white, indicating good combustion condition.
black : the spark plug is black and dry, which may be too strong mixture in the cylinder, leading to poor ignition.
white : The spark plug is white, which may be improperly installed or carbon deposits.
Other abnormal colors , such as brownish red or rust, may indicate that the spark plug is contaminated.
electrode wear :
The electrode is seriously worn or even completely disappeared, indicating that the driving distance is large and has not been replaced for a long time.
ceramic body condition :
Yellow substance or mud-like substance on the ceramic body may indicate that the oil has entered the combustion chamber, and it is necessary to check the valve oil seal and other components.
Spark plug performance judgment method
Start and speed up : even if the motorcycle can start normally, it is necessary to observe whether the speed up when the empty fuel door is smooth to judge the spark plug performance.
ignition ability : too much carbon in the spark plug will affect the ignition ability, resulting in difficulty in starting or unstable idle speed.
Spark plug replacement cycle
Common material : such as nickel alloy spark plug, it is recommended to check 20,000-30,000 kilometers, not more than 40,000 kilometers to replace.
high quality material : such as iridium gold, platinum spark plug, the replacement cycle is longer, it is generally recommended to check and replace in 40,000-100,000 kilometers, according to the specific vehicle manual and the actual situation.
high performance material : such as double iridium spark plug, the replacement cycle can be up to 100,000 kilometers or more, and even some models can reach 150-200,000 kilometers.
Note * : The replacement cycle of the spark plug may vary depending on the brand and model of the engine, and it is recommended to refer to the specific instructions in the vehicle manual.
To sum up, to determine whether the spark plug needs to be replaced, the appearance of the spark plug color, electrode wear, ceramic body condition and vehicle mileage and engine type should be considered comprehensively. At the same time, regular inspection and replacement of spark plugs is of great significance to maintain the good performance of the engine and extend the service life.
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