Door.
The door is to provide the driver and passengers with access to the vehicle, and isolate the interference outside the car, to reduce the side impact to a certain extent, and protect the occupants. The beauty of the car is also related to the shape of the door. The quality of the door is mainly reflected in the anti-collision performance of the door, the sealing performance of the door, the convenience of opening and closing the door, and of course, other indicators of the use of functions. Collision resistance is particularly important, because when the vehicle has a side impact, the buffer distance is very short, and it is easy to injure the occupants of the vehicle.
There will be at least two anti-collision beams in a good door, and the weight of the anti-collision beam is heavier, that is to say, a good door is indeed heavier. But the heavier the door, the better. Today's new cars, if the safety performance can be guaranteed, designers will find ways to reduce the weight of the vehicle, including the door (such as using new materials) to reduce power consumption. According to the number of doors, the car can be divided into two doors, three doors, four doors, five doors and so on. Cars used for business purposes are mostly four-door, cars used for family purposes are available with four as well as three and five doors (rear doors are raised), and sports cars are mostly two-door.
The door can be divided into the following types according to its opening mode: Cis door: even when the car is running, it can still be closed by the pressure of the air flow, which is safer, and it is easy for the driver to observe backwards when reversing, so it is widely used. Reverse open door: when the car is driving, if it is not tightly closed, it may be driven by the oncoming air flow, so it is used less, and it is generally only used in order to improve the convenience of getting on and off the bus and suitable for the case of welcoming etiquette. Car door horizontal mobile door: its advantage is that it can still be fully opened when the distance between the side wall of the body and the obstacle is small. Upper hatchdoor: Widely used as the rear door of cars and light buses, but also used in low cars. Folding door: It is widely used in large and medium-sized buses. The car door is generally composed of three parts: the door body, the door accessories and the interior cover plate. The door body comprises a door inner plate, a car outside the door plate, a door window frame, a door strengthening beam and a door strengthening plate. Door accessories include door hinges, door opening stoppers, door lock mechanisms and internal and external handles, door glass, glass lifters and seals. The interior cover plate comprises a fixing plate, a core plate, an interior skin and an inner handrail. The door can be divided into the following types according to its production process: integral door: the inner and outer plates are made of the whole steel plate after stamping, the initial mold investment cost of the production method is larger, but the relevant gage fixtures can be reduced accordingly, and the material utilization rate is low. Split door: by the car door frame assembly and the door inner and outer plate assembly welded, the door frame assembly can be produced by rolling, the cost is lower, the productivity is higher, the overall corresponding mold cost is lower, but the later inspection fixture cost is higher, and the process reliability is poor. The difference between the integral door and the split door in the overall cost is not very large, mainly according to the relevant modeling requirements to determine the relevant structural form. Due to the current high requirements of automobile modeling and production efficiency, the overall structure of the door tends to be split. [2] The design requirements of the door broadcast editing 1, to ensure the convenience of passengers on and off, the maximum opening is controlled at 65° ~ 70°; 2. There should be no position interference with other parts during opening; 3, the door should be locked reliably when closed, will not open in the driving; 4, the door mechanism control reverse, including the door freely, glass lifting light, etc.; 5, good sealing performance requirements; 6, with a large transparent surface, to meet the requirements of lateral vision; 7, to have enough strength and stiffness to ensure the reliable work of the door, reduce the door part vibration, improve the vehicle side collision safety, prevent the door from sinking; 8, good door manufacturing, assembly process. 1, the car door plate: 0.6 ~ 0.8mm thin steel sheet stamping; 2, the door strengthening beam: that is, the door anti-collision beam, there are closed round tube section form, but also high strength steel sheet stamping; 3, the door inner plate: an important support plate, but also the door attachment of the installation body, generally using thicker thin steel plate. Has the following characteristics: (1) need to be drawn out of the deeper perimeter to form a thick door; (2) Convex and concave tables of various shapes need to be stamped out on the surface of the plate for the installation of the accessory mechanism; (3) Stamping out various reinforcement bars to improve rigidity and reduce vibration and noise. 4, the door strengthening plate: the door body is partially strengthened and set. (1) Install the part of the door attachment mechanism on the inner panel surface to improve the stiffness and connection strength of the installation part; (2) A 1.2 ~ 1.6mm thick reinforcing plate is set at the door body installation hinge, opening limit and door lock, and welded with the door inner plate; (3) Strengthening plates are set in the door and outside the window sill, and the fixed installation structure of the section form and seal strip should be considered. 5, door window frame: mostly using thin steel sheet stamping or rolling molding. The main points to consider in the section of the window frame structure: (1) The correct coordination with the door frame on the side of the body; (2) Good sealing performance, sealing strip, glass guide groove layout and installation structure; (3) Meet the requirements of glass lifting; (4) The rigidity of the window frame itself, which has a greater impact on the seal; (5) The connection structure of the window frame and the inner and outer plates. The inspection of the new car door, we must first observe whether the border of the new car door has small ripples, and then check whether the A column, B column, and C column of the new car have problems, but also check whether the prism of the new car border has corrosion, here is a very easy place to go wrong, because many people open the door, will accidentally hit the obstacles around the body, So it will cause rust in the prismatic paint. The inspection of the door of the new car, in the new car inspection to pay more attention to observe the prism of the new car door inspection although not as important as the inspection of the car transmission, but can not be ignored, after all, if the door of the new car is not well sealed, resulting in water leakage when it rains, or if it has been an accident car, it is not very depressed. Inspection when the door of the new car is closed: Observe whether the gap on both sides of the door of the new car is smooth, smooth, uniform in size, and whether the close fit is on the same level, because if the door is installed with problems, it is possible that the door is higher or lower than the other side of the door. In addition to looking carefully, this step also needs to be touched by hand. Second, the inspection when the new car door is opened: Observe whether the rubber strip on the new car door and the A-pillar and B-pillar of the new car is normal, because if the rubber strip is installed incorrectly, the repeated closure and extrusion of the door will cause the deformation of the rubber strip on both sides. In this way, the tightness of the new car will not be too good, and it may cause water to be poured into the new car when it rains. Third, the inspection of the door of the new car should also carefully check whether the parts inside the A-pillar of the new car are painted normally and whether the screws are firm. Not only the screws here, in fact, the screws in each position of the new car should be carefully checked. 4. Switch each door several times, feel whether the switching process is smooth and natural, and whether there is an abnormal sound. Friendly tip: When the inspection operation of the new car door, we must repeatedly go back and forth, multi-directional observation, hands-on, so as to find the problem. New car inspection must not be afraid of trouble, and the inspection of the new car door can not only be reflected in a door, to the four new car doors are seriously done, so as to ensure the quality to the greatest extent.
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