How automotive electronic fans work
The working principle of automotive electronic fan is mainly controlled by the thermostat. When the water temperature rises to the upper limit, the thermostat is switched on and the fan starts to work; When the water temperature drops to the lower limit, the thermostat turns off the power and the fan stops working. In addition, the high and low speed of the electronic fan is controlled by a thermal switch, which has two levels and is mounted on the tank, detects the water temperature and sends a signal to the control unit to control the high and low speed operation of the fan.
The composition and function of the electronic fan includes the motor, the fan blade and the control unit. When the motor works, the current is large, the wire is required to be high, and the high-speed rotation when working is strict for the manufacturing process. The main function of the electronic fan is to reduce the temperature of the water tank and ensure the normal operation of the engine.
Electronic fan maintenance and troubleshooting , common failure causes include poor motor lubrication, overheating, small starting capacitance capacity, long service time, etc. If the water temperature rises rapidly after the air conditioner is turned on, the fan may not be started or the heat control switch is damaged. In addition, the use of inferior wires or parts may lead to greater internal resistance or poor dynamic balance of the fan, causing vibration and loosening.
Different types of electronic fans have different actuation methods. The silicone oil clutch cooling fan is driven by the thermal expansion property of silicone oil, while the electromagnetic clutch cooling fan works on the principle of electromagnetic attraction. These designs effectively reduce the energy loss of the engine and ensure that the engine is cooled when needed.
The starting conditions of automotive electronic fans mainly include the following situations :
Water temperature reaches a certain temperature : Usually, the car electronic fan will start when the temperature of the tank rises to a certain degree. In general, the electronic fan of domestic or Japanese cars will start to rotate when the water temperature reaches about 90 degrees, and German cars may need the water temperature to reach more than 95 degrees. When the water temperature exceeds 110 degrees, the high gear will open.
Turn on the air conditioner : no matter what the temperature of the water tank, when the air conditioner is turned on, the electronic fan will start, because the air conditioner condenser needs to dissipate heat.
Other special cases : Under some special circumstances, such as the failure of the ABS wheel speed sensor, the fan will start and rotate at a high speed even if the speed is very low or even if it is not moving in place.
Reasons for electronic fans not to start may include :
The thermostat on the water tank is damaged, causing the electronic control unit to always receive the wrong signal of the high temperature of the water tank.
The water temperature sensor plug is damaged or the fan motor circuit is short-circuited.
Shaft sleeve wear caused by poor motor lubrication, overheating, small starting capacitance capacity or too long use time.
Maintenance Suggestions :
Check the lubrication of the electronic fan regularly to ensure that the motor is well lubricated.
Check capacitor capacity to prevent capacitor aging.
Pay attention to the working state of the motor, and replace or repair the aging parts in time.
Understanding this information helps to ensure the normal operation of the car's electronic fan, thus ensuring the normal operation of the engine.
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