Auto ignition coil action
The main role of an automotive ignition coil is to convert the low voltage (usually 12 volts) provided by the vehicle battery into a high voltage (usually tens of thousands of volts) to generate a spark that ignites the fuel mixture in the engine cylinder . This process ensures the normal start-up and stable operation of the engine.
Working principle
The ignition coil works by the principle of electromagnetic induction and is mainly composed of a primary coil, a secondary coil and an iron core. When the primary coil is powered on, the increase in current creates a strong magnetic field around it, and this magnetic field energy is stored in the iron core. When the switching device (usually the ignition controller) disconnects the primary coil circuit, the magnetic field of the primary coil rapidly decays, and a high voltage is induced in the secondary coil in the process. The number of turns in the secondary coil is usually about 100 times that of the primary coil, so it is able to generate a voltage high enough to ignite the spark plug.
Fault effect
If the ignition coil fails, it may cause the vehicle to not start properly, idle instability, poor acceleration and other problems, and even affect fuel economy and emissions. Therefore, the performance of the ignition coil is directly related to the power and combustion efficiency of the engine, and is a key component for the start and operation of the automobile engine.
The automotive ignition coil is a key component in the automotive ignition system, mainly responsible for converting the low voltage (usually 12 volts) provided by the vehicle battery to the high voltage (usually tens of thousands of volts) to generate a spark to ignite the fuel mixture in the engine cylinder .
Structure and composition
Automotive ignition coil is mainly composed of the following parts:
Primary coil (primary coil) : consists of thicker copper wires connected to the positive battery of the vehicle and the control module of the ignition system, responsible for transmitting low voltage direct current.
secondary coil : consists of thin insulated wires, usually enclosed in an iron or magnetic core, connected to a spark plug. When the primary coil transmits a low voltage signal, the secondary coil generates a high voltage pulse through electromagnetic induction and transmits it to the spark plug.
core : used to enhance the electromagnetic field generated by the secondary coil to provide better conductivity.
ignition switch : A switching device for controlling the ignition coil.
control module : Monitors and controls the operation of the ignition coil, adjusts the ignition timing and the frequency of the ignition pulse by receiving the signal from the vehicle sensor.
Working principle
The operating principle of the ignition coil is based on electromagnetic induction. When the car ignition switch is off, the vehicle battery provides low-voltage DC power, which is transmitted through the primary coil to the secondary coil. The current in the primary coil changes in the secondary coil, creating a strong magnetic field. When the current in the primary coil is cut off, the magnetic field also collapses, causing a large voltage pulse in the secondary coil. This high-voltage pulse is passed through the wire to the spark plug, eventually forming a spark that ignites the fuel mixture in the cylinder.
Fault phenomena and maintenance methods
Ignition coil failure will lead to insufficient or missing ignition energy, common fault phenomena include engine jitter or missing cylinder, weak acceleration or power output instability, starting difficulty or flame out, increased fuel consumption, emissions deterioration, engine fault light on. Failure causes may include aging ignition coils, spark plug failures, wiring or plug problems, high-temperature environmental effects, voltage instability, improper installation, or mechanical vibration. Maintenance methods include reading fault code and data stream, visual inspection and interchange test, testing ignition coil resistance, checking spark plug status, etc.
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