What is a car front oxygen sensor
The automobile front oxygen sensor is an oxygen sensor installed in front of the three-way catalytic converter. Its main function is to detect the oxygen concentration in the engine exhaust gas, and provide the detection information to the ECU (electronic control unit) in the form of electrical signals. The ECU controls the fuel injection volume in a closed loop according to the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas to adjust the air-fuel ratio of the mixture to ensure that it is near the theoretical value, thereby optimizing the combustion efficiency and reducing the emission pollution .
The working principle of the front oxygen sensor is based on zirconia ceramic tubes, which have porous platinum electrodes sintered on both sides. At a certain temperature, due to the different oxygen concentrations on both sides, oxygen molecules on the high concentration side combine with electrons on the platinum electrode to form oxygen ions, so that the electrode is positively charged, and oxygen ions migrate to the low oxygen concentration side through the electrolyte, so that the electrode is negatively charged, resulting in a potential difference. When the mixture is thin, the oxygen content in the exhaust is high and the potential difference is small. When the mixture is concentrated, the oxygen content in the exhaust is low and the potential difference is large. The ECU adjusts the fuel injection according to this potential difference for closed-loop control .
The front oxygen sensor is installed in front of the three-way catalytic converter and mainly detects the oxygen concentration in the engine exhaust gas. If the data detected by the front oxygen sensor and the rear oxygen sensor are the same, it may indicate that there is a problem with the three-way catalytic converter, which needs to be checked and maintained .
The main function of the automobile front oxygen sensor is to detect the oxygen content in the engine exhaust, and convert this information into voltage signal to transmit to the engine computer (ECU), so as to realize the closed-loop control of air-fuel ratio . Specifically, the front oxygen sensor monitors the oxygen concentration in the exhaust, helping the ECU adjust fuel injection volume, maintain an ideal air-fuel ratio, optimize fuel efficiency, reduce fuel consumption, and lower emissions of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).
Working principle
The front oxygen sensor works like a battery, and its core component is the element zirconia, which works at high temperatures and is catalyzed by platinum. The sensor uses the oxygen concentration difference between the inside and outside of zirconia to produce a potential difference, and the greater the concentration difference, the greater the potential difference. The concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas is low compared to the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere, and this concentration difference generates a voltage signal between the electrodes. The ECU adjusts the fuel injection according to these signals, ensuring that the air-fuel ratio of the mixture is close to the theoretical optimal value.
Installation position
The front oxygen sensor is usually installed before the three-way catalyst and is used to detect the oxygen concentration in the engine exhaust gas. The afteroxygen sensor is installed behind the three-way catalytic converter to detect the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas after catalytic purification. If the oxygen concentration data obtained by the oxygen sensor before and after is the same, it may indicate that the three-way catalytic converter has failed.
Failure effect
If the front oxygen sensor fails, it may cause problems such as unstable idle speed and excessive fuel consumption. Because the ECU is unable to adjust fuel injection based on the correct oxygen concentration signal, engine performance deteriorates and emissions worsen.
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