What is the front bumper assembly of a car
Automobile front anti-collision beam assembly is a strengthening rod installed in the front of the automobile. Its main function is to absorb and disperse the impact force when the vehicle crashes and protect the safety of the occupants. The front anti-collision beam assembly consists of the main beam, energy absorption box and mounting plate. These components can effectively absorb energy in low-speed collisions, reducing damage to the body longitudinal beam and thereby reducing maintenance costs .
Structure and function
The main functions of the front anti-collision beam assembly include:
Low-speed collision protection : in low-speed collision (such as 10±0.5km/h), ensure that the front bumper is not cracked or permanently deformed.
Body frame protection : prevents the front longitudinal rail of the body frame from permanent deformation or rupture in a pedestrian protection or repairable collision.
high-speed collision energy absorption : in 100% frontal collision and offset collision, the energy absorption box plays the role of the first energy absorption, balanced force transfer, to prevent the uneven force on both sides .
Materials and processing methods
According to the processing method, the front anti-collision beam can be divided into four kinds: cold stamping, roll pressing, hot stamping and aluminum profile. With the development of lightweight technology, aluminum profiles are mainly on the market at present. The material of the anti-collision beam is generally high-strength steel, and aluminum alloy is also commonly used in modern designs to achieve lighter weight and high efficiency .
Design and regulatory requirements
The design of the front anti-collision beam needs to meet a number of regulatory requirements, including C-NCAP, GB-17354, GB20913, etc. In addition, the clearance and coordination relationship between the front anti-collision beam and the peripheral components are also strictly stipulated, such as the front end and the outer surface of the front bumper to maintain a clearance of more than 100mm, the length of the energy absorption box is generally 130mm .
The main functions of the car front anti-collision beam assembly include the following aspects :
Absorb and disperse collision energy : When the vehicle crashes, the front anti-collision beam absorbs and disperses the collision energy through its own structural deformation to reduce the damage to the main structure of the body. It can transfer the impact force to other parts of the body, such as the longitudinal beam, so as to protect the safety of passengers in the car .
Protect body structure : in the low-speed collision, the front anti-collision beam can directly withstand the impact force, to avoid the radiator, condenser and other important parts of the vehicle being damaged. In high-speed collisions, the anti-collision beams absorb a lot of energy through deformation, reducing the impact on the body structure .
pedestrian protection : Front collision beams also play an important role in pedestrian protection. It ensures that in the event of a pedestrian collision, the front end stringer of the body will not be permanently deformed or cracked, thereby reducing injuries to pedestrians .
Protection in multiple collision scenarios : In the design of the front anti-collision beam, the energy absorption box plays the role of the first energy absorption, which can absorb a large amount of energy in 100% frontal collision. In the offset collision, the anti-collision beam can transfer the force evenly to prevent the uneven force on the left and right sides .
Material and technology : Front anti-collision beams are usually made of light metal alloys such as high-strength steel or aluminum alloy. High-strength steel is widely used for its good strength and energy absorption properties, while aluminum alloy is good in strength but has a higher price .
connection method : the front anti-collision beam is connected to the longitudinal beam of the car body by bolts. The energy absorption box can effectively absorb the collision energy during low-speed collision, reduce the damage to the longitudinal beam of the car body, and thus reduce the maintenance cost .
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